Market Analysis

Market Analysis

Formulating a clear picture of the ever-changing hydrogen markets can be a challenging endeavour. However, with plenty of research, fact-checking and analysis combined with our own knowledge and insights gained from extensive lab-testing, Triton Hydrogen is  able to continue to monitor the shift in market patterns and behaviours to help promote hydrogen in its safest form. 

Below are a selection of analyses from a range of notable professionals and researchers that give important insight into the evolving world of hydrogen.

Reports

HYDROGEN LEAKAGE: A POTENTIAL RISK FOR THE HYDROGEN ECONOMY


Статья Zhiyuan Fan, Hadia Sheerazi, Amar Bhardwaj, Anne-Sophie Corbeau, Kathryn Longobardi, Adalberto Castañeda, Ann-Kathrin Merz, Dr. Caleb M. Woodall, Mahak Agrawal, Sebastian Orozco-Sanchez, Dr. Julio Friedmann | July 2022.

Ожидается, что водород будет играть ключевую роль в декарбонизации энергетической системы. По состоянию на июнь 2022 года правительствами разных стран мира было опубликовано более 30 стратегий и дорожных карт по использованию водорода. Водород был определен как потенциальная проблема безопасности, поскольку он является самой маленькой из существующих молекул и может легко проходить через материалы. Однако до сих пор очень мало внимания уделялось потенциальному вкладу утечки водорода в изменение климата, обусловленному косвенным эффектом водорода на глобальное потепление через механизмы, увеличивающие время жизни метана и других парниковых газов (ПГ) в атмосфере (Paulot et al. 2012; Derwent et al. 2020).

PREVENTING HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT: THE ROLE OF BARRIER COATINGS FOR THE HYDROGEN ECONOMY


An article by Marcel Wetegrove, Maria Jazmin Duarte, Klaus Taube, Martin Rohloff, Hariprasad Gopalan, Christina Scheu, Gerhard Dehm and Angela Kruth.

Водородные барьерные покрытия - это защитные слои, состоящие из материалов с низкой собственной диффузией и растворимостью водорода, которые способны задерживать, уменьшать или препятствовать проникновению водорода. Ожидается, что водородные барьерные покрытия позволят использовать стали, подверженные водородному охрупчиванию, в частности, экономичные низколегированные стали или легкие высокопрочные стали, для применения в водородной экономике. В основном для этой цели исследовались материалы с керамическими покрытиями, включая оксиды, нитриды и карбиды. В данном обзоре рассматривается состояние дел в области водородной проницаемости для различных покрытий. Al2O3TiAlN и TiC представляются наиболее перспективными кандидатами из большого числа керамических материалов. Методы нанесения покрытий сравниваются с точки зрения их способности создавать слои подходящего качества и возможности их масштабирования для промышленного использования. Обсуждаются различные установки для определения водородной проницаемости с использованием как газообразного водорода, так и водорода, образующегося в результате электрохимической реакции. Наконец, описаны возможные пути улучшения и оптимизации водородных барьерных покрытий.

HYDROGEN PERMEATION BARRIERS: BASIC REQUIREMENTS, MATERIALS SELECTION,DEPOSITION METHODS, AND QUALITY EVALUATION

Original Article Written By Vincenc Nemanič from Jožef Stefan Institute, JSI, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Stable permeation barriers are searched among materials with the lowest bulk hydrogen solubility and diffusivity. Besides a few specific pure metals, like beryllium and tungsten, dense oxides, nitrides and carbides have been mostly investigated. Coating techniques for preparation of well adhered and perfect barriers are evidently of the same importance as the material selection itself. Most attractive are the techniques where an ad-layer is formed simply by oxidation. Other methods require specific gas environments with strong electric and magnetic fields, which may represent a limit for the ad-layers uniform coverage over large and uneven areas. Evaluation of the achieved barrier performances is another challenging task. Several new methods, which can trace hydrogen isotopes in bulk at very low concentrations, often miss in the determination of their mobility. Also, they do not reveal the role of barrier defects. The classical gas permeation rate method through coated membranes is still the most reliable option to determine the actual Hydrogen Permeation Barrier (HPB) efficiency. At elevated temperature, the hydrogen permeation rate is recorded at the downstream side of a coated membrane exposed to a substantially higher hydrogen upstream pressure. By using modern vacuum instrumentation techniques, even the most effective barriers can be well characterised.

MCKINSEY SUSTAINABILITY: FIVE CHARTS ON HYDROGEN’S ROLE IN A NET-ZERO FUTURE

An article by Bernd Heid, Alma Sator, Maurits Waardenburg, and Markus Wilthaner.

Hydrogen has great potential as a carbon-free energy carrier. Here’s a look at the momentum behind this widely applicable technology. Hydrogen could play a central role in helping the world reach net- zero emissions by 2050. As a complement to other technologies, including renewable power and biofuels, hydrogen has the potential to decarbonize industries including steel, petrochemicals, fertilizers, heavy-duty mobility (on and off-road), maritime shipping, and aviation, as well as to support flexible power generation (among other applications). In 2050, hydrogen could contribute more than 20 percent of annual global emissions reductions. Hydrogen’s potential role in the broader energy transition is explored in a series of industry reports coauthored by McKinsey and the Hydrogen Council—a global, CEO-led initiative with members from more than 140 companies. The reports explore, for example, how demand for hydrogen could reshape current power, gas, chemicals, and fuel markets; the need for scaling hydrogen production, particularly clean hydrogen (which is made with renewables or with measures to lower emissions); and what must happen in the coming decade to reach net-zero targets. The momentum behind hydrogen has accelerated in the past year, as described in Hydrogen Insights 2022,1 a recently published perspective on the state of the hydrogen industry. Both investment and project development have ramped up. However, a funding gap remains.

How hydrogen empowers the energy transition

Report written by the members of the Hydrogen Council: Air Liquide S.A., Alstom, Anglo American plc, BMW Group, Daimler AG, Engie S.A., Honda Motor Co. Ltd, Hyundai Motor Company, Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd., Royal Dutch Shell, The Linde Group, Total S.A., Toyota Motor Corporation. Paris, December 12, 2015: 195 countries sign a legally binding agreement to keep global warming well below 2°C – an ambitious goal that will require the economies around the globe to decarbonize large parts of the world’s energy system. This energy transition faces challenges. Significant amounts of renewable energy must be installed and integrated, while securing the supply and resilience of the system is demanding. Energy end-use sectors, such as transport, must be decarbonized at scale.